Tag Archives: encephalopathy

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Predicting medicine again: autoimmune disease

Once again here I go out on a limb. Here is my prediction for the next Really Big Thing in medicine, which is already happening. It is slowly rising from the murky swampy depths of our unconscious.

Here are clues: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/autoimmune-encephalitis

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/autoimmune-encephalitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20576380

Autoimmune encephalitis? Or encephalopathy? What a mouthful. And what the hell?

Well, we have always said that we do not know the causes of depression, mania, schizophrenia, psychosis and all the other psychiatric diagnoses.

And now I think we know, though we don’t have them all sorted yet.

The cause is the immune system. And what’s more, it’s adaptive.

“NO!” (you run screaming from the room). “Not MY immune system! NO!”

Yes, I say, your immune system, my immune system, everybody’s immune system.

WHY? Well, my version shuts me down. I get tachycardia (a fast heart rate), short of breath, accusations that I am manic, my fast twitch muscles don’t work and I get pneumonia. And it lasts longer each time. Two months. Two months. Six months. A year and a half on oxygen and then off but really it took four years before my muscles started working right again. It shuts down my fast twitch muscles but not my slow twitch muscles.

So how is shutting me down adaptive?

Think. If there is a pandemic, or huge danger, or someone is trying to harm me, it isolates me. People think I am very very weird when it is happening. So I isolate, to protect myself. Isolate and voila — protection from pandemic. If I have resources, and luckily I do have resources, I can hole up. Food, drink and a broadband connection.

The book Brain on Fire and movie are about an encephalopathy: antibodies to NMDR that made the author psychotic until it was recognized and treated. I went to a virtual continuing medical education on encephalopathy in 2022, I think. In the US alone, there were already 555 patients identified with NMDR antibodies.

Now there is a whole list of antibody encephalopathies, many associated with cancers. Not all.

Here: https://autoimmune-encephalitis.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/PNK-The-Known-types-and-categories-of-AE-as-of-2022.pdf

I like the addendum “as of 2022”.

and here: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41572-025-00650-1

A physician friend calls me a few years ago. “Have you heard of NMDR antibody disorder?”

“Yes,” I say

“I have a patient with it,” she says. We are a county of 32,000 people. Rural. She is looking it up. I tell her what I know.

In January I see a patient who turns out to have Anti-Caspr2. I have to look it up. Now I see the list of encephalopathies that is rapidly becoming longer and longer.

I think that chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia and long Covid fall into immune system disorders too. Just because we haven’t figured out the mechanism: well, we may. If we don’t destroy the planet first.

I also have reservations about treatment. We are using more and more immune suppressants. I read about one that stops B cells from working. Specifically, the B cells that produce antibodies. Well, that would work for my disorder, except, I already get pneumonia really easily. And destroying the B cells lowers immunity and increases the risk of infection.

I see a patient in clinic who has a skin infection and a fever and an autoimmune disease. They are on an immunosurpressant that I don’t know much about. “Have you called your rheumatologist?”

“No, why?”

“I think you are supposed to stop the immunosupressant. Please call them today. And let me know what they say. Please!” I start antibiotics.

The patient sends a MyChart message. Yes, stop the immunosupressant while on antibiotics. In the future they will call the rheumatology office as well as seeing the clinic for any infection.

I am not saying we shouldn’t use immunosupressants. Sometimes we have to. Rheumatoid arthritis. Hypothyroidism, the most common autoimmune disease, yes, we should and do give outside thyroid hormone. But there is something else we need to do.

The clues for this lie with chronic fatigue and fibromyalgia. What triggers them? One in ten severe infections, severe stress, or a combination.

So we need to learn as a culture, as a world, as humanity, to lower stress. We can’t be high sympathetic nervous system fight or flight high achieving high spending higher faster crazier all the time.

Here is to the parasympathetic state. That is where we need to go. Go down, slow down, be kind to each other and ourselves, be gentle, laugh, fail, lie in a hammock, watch silly cat videos and fat bear week. Then the immune system might calm down and not attack us to save us. I think the immune system is pretty smart, really. Even as it pisses me off and limits me.

Go down, slow down.

Blessings and peace you.

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A Good Reaction 2

I am still working my way through my immune response to an influenza shot and six days later, my Covid-19 booster.

I am kicking myself a bit for having them that close together, but at least my immune system responds. I think my immune system takes a shotgun approach and raises ALL the antibodies, and since I most probably have some antibodies that attack my own tissues, it’s not terribly much fun. I’ve had to put pulmonary rehab on hold until my fast twitch muscles work again. They aren’t working and my slow twitch muscles are very pissed off and stiff at having to do double duty. If I do aerobic things, my rib muscles hurt for two days. THAT feels awful.

The good thing (ha.) is that I am having the antibody response but I do not have pneumonia. The working theory is that I have PANS and antibodies to tubulin. Tubulin powers muscles, including lung cilia. Their job is to clean any trash out that gets breathed in. I am at much higher risk for getting pneumonia while the lung cilia are on auto-immune vacation. I am mostly staying home and masking when I go out. A friend got exposed to Covid-19 and refused to test at day five. Well, ok for him, but he could be asymptomatic. So he’s not allowed anywhere near me for at least another ten days. I disapprove of his callousness towards me and others.

Tobacco also paralyzes lung cilia. When I was working I would warn smokers that they might cough more when they stopped smoking, because the cilia would wake up and clean house. “Hey! No one has swept here in years!” A year after quitting smoking, the lung cancer risk drops almost to that of a non-smoker, because those cilia clean house. Isn’t THAT cool?

I don’t know how long my fast twitch muscles will be screwed up. With the last pneumonia, it was nearly a year before the antibodies finally went down. I woke one morning with my slow twitch muscles insanely stiff and my fast twitch back but weak as a newborn kitten. My slow twitch muscles were yelling at my fast twitch: “Where have you BEEN? We’ve been doing YOUR WORK!!” My fast twitch were confused, weak and surprised. I could barely walk down my stairs that day.

Even so, I am lucky. I have a version of chronic fatigue, but because only my fast twitch muscles are affected, I can still do stuff while sick. The people who can barely get out of bed, my working theory is that it is both the fast twitch and the slow twitch muscles that are affected.

And then there are the brain antibodies. Ugh. The silver lining is that the antibodies make me a bit OCD and a bit ADHD, so I am organizing the house. I vacuumed the stairs. That sounds trivial except that I HATE the vacuum. I usually use this peculiar cat hair sponge thing on the stairs, but this time I got the vacuum out. I think organizing and vacuuming are hella funny symptoms of autoantibodies.

Here is a blog post by another physician, also about brain antibodies and encephalopathy. Brain inflammation.

https://www.potomacpsychiatry.com/blog/infectious-diseases-and-psychiatric-illness

Great blog post. And the NIH paper on multiple studies of encephalopathy:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6455066/

If I have the energy today, I may try to look up the trajectory of antibody rise and fall after immunization. My brain tells me somewhere between 6 weeks and 6 months, pulling old data from somewhere, but I took immunology classes when I was working at the National Institutes of Health (late 1980s) and in medical school (early 1990s), so there may be new information. Science changes. I am hoping for less than six months really, and meanwhile trying not to get pneumonia.

Blessings and peace you.

I took the photograph in 2021, while I was REALLY sick. Glow in the dark Zombies stealing the cat food. I have to entertain myself somehow when I have pneumonia.

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myalgic encephalopathy

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, actually. I put encephalopathy on the Ragtag Daily Prompt, but …. my brain is still a bit fuxxy. Yeah, tried to type fuzzy. It’s sometimes annoying and sometimes funny. I have a little trouble with my balance, as if my proprioception is not quite working right. I have not fallen, but that is really my dance chops. All those years jitterbug dancing, I recover my balance very well. However, I am staying off of ladders for now.

The antibodies are annoying. The dopamine ones are down a little, which is a relief. I still spent 20 minutes this am organizing CDs into categories. This satisfies both the ADHD and the OCD bugs. I have four categories: women musicians, rock and blues, classical/ethnic and local/folk. Sometimes I don’t know where the hell to put a CD. Southern Culture on the Skids… hmm. Harry Connick jr…. double hmmm. I now have a pile of movie soundtracks and a pile of DUNNO. I have picked up CDs at garage sales when they are a dollar each. Random. Those are in a separate “listen to it and decide” pile. They could end up in the library box outside if I dislike them enough. There seems to be some rap, I don’t have tons of that. Punk, now, it gets filed with the rock except when it’s more Americana…..

I can lower the antibody levels with a hot bath. Tend to wait until I really have to eat, eat, then with the antibodies start poking me I have the hot bath. A sauna would help as would a hot tub. Dang. Where is my hot tub? I hurt a lot more if I eat gluten or get my blood sugar high. Sugar is bad. Rice is pretty ok, though muscles hurt afterwards. I’ve long since trashed my glycogen stores, so my blood sugar will drop back to ketosis within 2 hours instead of taking 2-3 days. Feels terrible while it is happening. I get really cold and achy and just feel like I am dying. Lie down, wrap up in a really warm pile of blankets. I feel the shift: lights get brighter, sound gets louder and the pain switches off. Then I get too hot and throw off the blankets and have some energy again. I still have to behave: any little thing like starting to trot up the stairs and OW, my chest starts hurting and I get short of breath. I am a little short of breath just being vertical. I am glad I am not bad enough to have to just lie in bed, that would fungking suck.

Hope you are well. Get the covid vaccine: it may well make you feel rotten, but covid 19 does the same thing only more so. I think that if I got covid 19 I would croak.

Ribbit.

Peace be with you.